Yi Hwang, Toegye(1501-1570) as nobleman of the 16th century Chosun Dynasty period was Neo-Confucian scholar and political bureaucrat at the same time. He was struggling in between studying mental training and entering government service. However, in the end, he strove to retrace to study mental training. It was practicing a life of Chungseo and Hoyeonjigi(great morale) by devoting his life to study mental training and doing GeugGiBogLye (overcoming a personal desire in intimate relationships). He wrote thousands of poems with his superb literary sensibility, and he tried his best to build unique and emerging systems of Chosun with mobilizing philosophical imagination. In the process of establishing speculation system and representation of literary sensibility, entering government service was an external enticement for him. In the 16th century, Chosun Dynasty had class system which was same as caste system. Where did his strength of personality derive from in that society? A possible basis is the power of studying Confucian mental training. He can be seen as a symbolic educated person of Chosun Dynasty who was overcoming a human flaw and doing GeugGiBogLye as making constant efforts. Therefore, in the process of demonstrating the study of mental training and entering government service, one Neo-Confucian scholar was found who realized fortitude to build great morale and devoted himself to studying mental training.

This study aims to suggest the concept of virtuous citizen in the Oriental philosophy as an alternative civic identity to be pursued in the globalized society. The modern Western concept of citizen brought the political liberation of individuals, but failed to overcome the dual identity between the political identity and the economic identity. Cosmopolitanism emerged as an alternative to overcome the dual identity of the modern concept of citizen, which also had limitations in terms of the abstractness and unreality in theory and practice. This article argues to establish the new civic identity through the reinterpretation of the virtuous citizen in the Oriental philosophy as a ‘virtuous cosmopolitan citizen’ in Korea.

This study aims to examine the changing nature of self caused by the diffusion of electronic life-logging and explore the socio-cultural issues rising from the very process. Self in the life-logging are characterized as being quantified, recorded, connected, monitored, oversaturated, evaluated and segregated. In light of the dialectical model concerning the construction of social reality suggested by Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann, those characteristics would be generalized into the theme of objectification. Given the considerations, three issues will be identified as serious social problems; loss of individual subjectivity, reification of human body and privacy invasion in a high transparency society. In order to cope with such problematics, we need to actively step into black-box and try to capture the ontological initiative that enable us to manage the growing social-cultural impact of life-logging.

There might be fundamental changes in the characteristics and process of governance depending on which one is taken as the subject of control between uncertainty and risk. In this study, we propose the need for a shift to the new type of governance from risk governance. Risk governance, defined as the risk policy-making mechanism, is designed to overcome the limitations of expert-led risk management, which cannot properly respond to new risk issues, such as mad cow disease (MCD) and GM crops, which have uncontrollable uncertainties. As risk management policies failed frequently, and in turn social conflicts became bigger, risk governance appeared as an alternative. It pursues the participation of concerned parties and democratic risk policy-making structure based on their reflexivity. However, in this study, we try to focus on the fact that risk is the outcome of modernity having the knowledge and statistical techniques of science & technology and experts’ view from the perspective of Science and Technology Studies(STS). We find out and analyze some limitations of risk governance, and suggest uncertainty governance as an alternative of it. Then, we summarize composition principles of uncertainty governance by three key concepts: engagement, openness, and flexibility.FANSWPDMLTLR

Modern society is characterized by “consumer society”. Defining society with consumption phenomenon means that consumption is an important keyword to understand individuals consisting of the society. Consumer these days is not only consuming but also participating in the production, and this new concept of consumer can be referred to as prosumer. Prosumer can be largely categorized into the enthusiastic consumer, the craft con(sumer and ethical consumer. The advent of this new mode of consumption symbolizes that consumer becomes a leader who is taking charge of 'life world'. Above all, a major reason for focusing on its proactive consuming practice is that it can function as a valuable starting point to relieve the social polarization issue in modern society. Therefore, this study discusses a gradual evolutionary process of consumption paradigm which has undergone various changes from the past to the present and to closely examine a cause and effect for the appearance of this new concept of 'prosumer'. In addition, how diversify characteristics of consumer’s new perception and new behaviors generated by the process of social and economic changes are discussed.

Suicide is neither more special, nor the tragic events that can not be easily found in Korea. It is becoming the leading cause of death along with cancer, cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, and accidents. While being diffused awareness of the seriousness of this problem concrete alternatives for suicide prevention have been variously seeking. The purpose of this paper is to look at in this context to explore strategies for suicide prevention in the Korean Buddhism. This paper is developed with the following content: First, we examine the characteristics that appear in Korean suicide. Next, we compared the separation of the major previous studies that examine the causes and countermeasures of suicide as a social scientific approach and the Buddhist approach. As a result, it was confirmed that the two approaches are in a complementary relationship. Finally, we propose strategies of Korea Buddhism such as linking suicide prevention campaign and religious associations movement and Buddhist social movements, a proactive activities of monks for Switching awareness about suicide prevention and respect for life.

In this study, we explored the characteristics of Korean food cultue in the views of eating patterns and food identity experiening past two decades. We used two research methods, the one was a longitudianl and comparative analysis of practices of eating using time-use survey data in Korea and Western four countries, the other was a depth interview of young college students in their twenties about food indenties. Our findings are summaried as following. In the meal patterns, family meals was experienced the de-communalization gradually not being together in family dinner and spending shorter times, while total meal times was not decreased and didn’t eat alone. This means non-individualization of eating mode, and can be understood as the another collectivity forms of eating is enduring. In the food identity, we found comparatively strong traditional food identity was formed among younger generation. Meanwhile, practical eating behavior was affected by convienence motive or functional necessity and also founded few evidences supporting individualization of appetite based on pursuit of liberated individuality. These findings suggest that there are the dual dynamic forces underlying food culture, which can lead to alternative food community building or dependent eating culture forced by external food systems.

This article explores the relationship between nostalgia, a specific aspect of memories, and generation identity through examining the works of writers considered to be the ‘generation as actuality’ among ‘386’ generation writers. ‘Generation’, defined as the cohort with shared historical experiences, constructs communities of experiences and memories. Especially, generation specific nostalgia emerging in relation to time, encourages emotional responses to collective memories and thereby constructs the community of emotions. In this light, this research traces the nostalgia in 1980s reflected in the works of the ‘generation as actuality’. They shared the happenings in 1980s while they were in their 20s and assisted both directly and indirectly to the various social movements. First, the theoretical frame for assessing the relationship between the emotional aspects where ‘386’ generational experiences are played out in the scope of time and the concept of nostalgia is formulated. Then, the changes generational nostalgia of ‘generation as actuality’ among '386' generation go through is examined. It is argued that the limits of structural analysis of nostalgia reflecting generational experiences, and restricted conceptual scopes. Concept of generational nostalgia is to go beyond the scopes of 'self-stylization' or sentimental and exclusive romanticization of past of specific generations. The ways for generational nostalgia to be extended to the channel toward future generations are explored.

This study is a exploratory research to develop of character index instrument for college students through extracting common factors for them. It suggests that character of personal can be divided into three primary dimensions; individual temperament, relationship temperament, social temperament and each dimensions be several sub-dimensions. It also suggests a hierarchical third-order factor structure for character based on the above dimensions and testifies it through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The results were as follows: First, We found that character is composed of eleven latent factors. Second, We found that 11 latent factors and three temperaments for character in the exploratory factor analysis and reliability test were no problems with the validity and reliability. Third, We found that research model for character has an acceptable goodness of fit.

Regarding the research with meditation as its background, the cases supporting the attempts to verify its effects in a scientific way are increasing. Compared to this growing demand for the study on meditation, there have been few researches suggesting the conditions of the modern space for this activity. In other words, the environment to begin medication has not been established systematically. As for which, traditional and religious spaces open to the nature can come across one's mind easily, yet in the modern society, different areas of meditation spaces are being demanded by a diversity of social groups. As the starting point to deduct the space necessary for modern meditation, it's desirable to analyze residence underlying our life and find it. In this respect, Ando Tadao's and Luis Barragan's houses imply positive sentiments necessary for meditation activity in that they realized traditionality and natural environment that had been alienated in the modern society in their architectural spaces. Therefore, this research aims at interpreting the traditional views of the nature in the East and the West implied in Tadao's and Barragan's houses, extracting positive emotions, synthesizing differences and common points, and deducting the space to begin meditation.